354 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
354 lines
12 KiB
Plaintext
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#!/bin/sh
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set -uf
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IFS="$(printf '\n\t')"
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LC_ALL="C"
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# Copyright (C) 2019 Jamie Nguyen <j@jamielinux.com>
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#
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# A simple shell script to recursively generate, update and verify checksums
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# for files you care about. It's useful for detecting bit rot.
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#
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# It's written in POSIX shell, but requires GNU coreutils, BusyBox or some
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# other collection that includes similar checksum tools.
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VERSION=1.1.2
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COMMAND="sha512sum"
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CHECKFILE="./.rotcheck"
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APPEND_MODE=0
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CHECK_MODE=0
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DELETE_MODE=0
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UPDATE_MODE=0
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IGNORE_MISSING=0
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FOLLOW_SYMLINKS=1
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VERBOSE=0
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WARN_FORMATTING=0
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EXCLUDE_HIDDEN=0
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FORCE_UPDATE=0
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usage() {
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cat << EOF
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rotcheck $VERSION
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Usage: rotcheck MODE [OPTIONS]
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or: rotcheck MODE [OPTIONS] -- [DIRECTORY]... [ARBITRARY FIND OPTION]...
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Recursively generate, update and verify checksums.
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MODES:
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-a APPEND mode: Record checksums for any files without a checksum
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already. Never modify existing checksums.
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-c CHECK mode: Check that files checksums are the same.
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-d DELETE mode: Remove checksums for files that don't exist.
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-u APPEND-AND-UPDATE mode: Like append-only mode, but also update
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checksums for files with a modification date newer than the
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the checksum file. (NB: Also see \`-M\`.)
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OPTIONS:
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-b COMMAND Checksum command to use. Default: sha512sum
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-f FILE File to store checksums. For relative paths, prefix with "./"
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or the checksum file will be checksummed. Default: ./.rotcheck
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-h Display this help.
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-n Don't follow symlinks. The default is to follow symlinks.
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-v Be more verbose when adding, deleting, changing or verifying
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checksums.
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-w Warn about improperly formatted checksum lines.
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-x Exclude all hidden files and directories when generating
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checksums. The default is to include them.
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-M Use with \`-u\` to update checksums regardless of modification
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time. This is very slow so avoid if possible; try \`touch\`
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instead to bump the modification time of specific files.
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WARNING: The checksums might have changed due to bit rot so
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use this option with care!
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(specific to GNU coreutils >= 8.25)
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-i Ignore missing files when verifying checksums.
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Supported commands:
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GNU coreutils:
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md5sum, sha1sum, sha224sum, sha256sum, sha384sum, sha512sum, b2sum
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BusyBox (applets must be symlinked):
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md5sum, sha1sum, sha256sum, sha512sum, sha3sum
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BSD & macOS (install GNU coreutils):
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gmd5sum, gsha1sum, gsha224sum, gsha256sum, gsha384sum, gsha512sum, gb2sum
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Examples:
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# Create checksum file (located at "./.rotcheck"):
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rotcheck -a
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# You've added some new files and need to append some checksums:
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rotcheck -va
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# You've edited some files and need to update the checksums (for files with
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# a modification time newer than the checksum file):
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rotcheck -vu
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# Verify checksums:
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rotcheck -c
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# Search other directories instead of the current directory.
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# WARNING: checksums might get duplicated if mixing relative and absolute
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# paths, or if you change the way you specify directory paths!
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rotcheck -a -- /mnt/archive-2018/ /mnt/archive-2019/
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# Exclude .git folders (these arguments are passed directly to find):
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rotcheck -a -- ! -path '*/\\.git/*'
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EOF
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exit 0
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}
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fail() {
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printf '%s\n' "$@"; exit 1
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}
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# Curiously, I stumbled across a bug in bash-3.0.16 (c. 2004) or older
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# where \0177 (DEL) isn't handled properly. See the `find_safe` function below.
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# bash-3.1 (c. 2005), dash-0.5.2 (c. 2005), and zsh-3.1 (c. 2000) all work
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# and probably others too.
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if [ -n ${BASH+x} ] && [ -n ${BASH_VERSION+x} ]; then
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if printf '%s' "${BASH_VERSION:-x}" | grep -qE '^[0-2]+|^3\.0'; then
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fail "bash-3.0.16 and older are broken." \
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"Try bash>=3.1, dash, zsh, or another POSIX shell."
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fi
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fi
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# Command-line arguments. `getopts` is POSIX, while `getopt` is not.
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[ $# -gt 0 ] && [ "$1" = "--help" ] && usage
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while getopts ":acdub:f:hinvwxM" opt; do
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case "$opt" in
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a) APPEND_MODE=1;;
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c) CHECK_MODE=1;;
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d) DELETE_MODE=1;;
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u) UPDATE_MODE=1;;
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b) COMMAND="$OPTARG";;
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f) CHECKFILE="$OPTARG";;
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h) usage;;
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i) IGNORE_MISSING=1;;
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n) FOLLOW_SYMLINKS=0;;
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v) VERBOSE=1;;
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w) WARN_FORMATTING=1;;
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x) EXCLUDE_HIDDEN=1;;
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M) FORCE_UPDATE=1;;
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\?) fail "-$OPTARG: Invalid argument";;
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:) fail "-$OPTARG requires an argument";;
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esac
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done; shift $(($OPTIND - 1))
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# A few sanity checks.
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MODE=$(($APPEND_MODE + $CHECK_MODE + $DELETE_MODE + $UPDATE_MODE))
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if [ $MODE -eq 0 ]; then
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fail "Please specify one of -a, -c, -d, or -u." \
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"See \`rotcheck -h\` for help with usage."
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elif [ $MODE -gt 1 ]; then
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fail "You can only use one of -a, -c, -d, or -u options." \
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"See \`rotcheck -h\` for help with usage."
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elif [ $CHECK_MODE -eq 1 ] || [ $DELETE_MODE -eq 1 ]; then
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if [ ! -f "$CHECKFILE" ]; then
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fail "$CHECKFILE: No such file." \
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"Try running \`rotcheck -a\` first, or see \`rotcheck -h\`."
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fi
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elif ! command -v "$COMMAND" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
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fail "$COMMAND: command not found" \
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"Try specifying a supported command using \`rotcheck -b COMMAND\`." \
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"You may need to install GNU coreutils or BusyBox." \
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"On *BSD, GNU coreutils commands begin with 'g', like 'gsha512sum'." \
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"See \`rotcheck -h\` for help with usage."
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fi
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# When printing text to terminal, make sure it won't do anything unexpected.
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printf_sanitized() {
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printf '%s' "$@" | tr -d '[:cntrl:]' | iconv -cs -f UTF-8 -t UTF-8
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printf '\n'
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}
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verify_checksums() {
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IGNORE="" ; [ $IGNORE_MISSING -eq 1 ] && IGNORE="--ignore-missing"
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WARN="" ; [ $WARN_FORMATTING -eq 1 ] && WARN="-w"
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$COMMAND -c $WARN $IGNORE -- "$CHECKFILE"
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}
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# Just verify checksums.
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if [ $CHECK_MODE -eq 1 ]; then
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# Only GNU coreutils supports `--quiet`, so use `grep -v` instead.
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# Unfortunately, pipefail isn't POSIX so to return the exit status from the
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# checksum command, we have to be clever (aka crazy) with file descriptors
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# and subshells instead.
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if [ $VERBOSE -eq 1 ]; then
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verify_checksums
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exit $?
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else
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exec 4>&1
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(
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exec 3>&1
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(
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# 2>&1 preserves order of stdout/stderr.
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verify_checksums 2>&1; printf '%d' $? 1>&3
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) | grep -Ev ': OK$' 1>&4
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exec 3>&-
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) | ( read -r retval; exit $retval ); retval=$?
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exec 4>&-
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exit $retval
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fi
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fi
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# Delete checksums for files that no longer exist.
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if [ $DELETE_MODE -eq 1 ]; then
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i=1
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for file in $(cut -d ' ' -f 3- -- "$CHECKFILE"); do
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# `sed -i` isn't POSIX (nor is `mktemp`), so use `ex` instead.
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if [ ! -f "$file" ]; then
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cat << EOF | ex -s -- "$CHECKFILE"
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${i}d
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x
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EOF
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# Print what checksums were deleted.
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if [ $VERBOSE -eq 1 ]; then
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printf '%s' "DELETED: "
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printf_sanitized "$file"
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fi
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else
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# Only increment the line number if we didn't delete a line.
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i=$(($i + 1))
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fi
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done
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exit $?
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fi
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# For safety and sanity, ignore all filenames that have control characters
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# like newline, tab, delete etc.
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find_safe() {
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FIND_L=""
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FIND_FOLLOW=""
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if [ $FOLLOW_SYMLINKS -eq 1 ]; then
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# Old versions of findutils don't have -L. Use it if available.
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if find -L / -maxdepth 0 -type d >/dev/null 2>/dev/null; then
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FIND_L="-L"
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else
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FIND_FOLLOW="-follow"
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fi
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fi
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# POSIX find requires that you specify the search path either first
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# or immediately after -H/-L. Use current directory by default unless
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# user has specified a path.
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FIND_DOT="./"
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if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
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first_char="$(printf '%s' "$1" | cut -c 1)"
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# Replace search path unless first arg is a non-path `find` option.
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if [ "$first_char" != "-" ] \
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&& [ "$first_char" != "!" ] && [ "$first_char" != "(" ]; then
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FIND_DOT=""
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fi
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fi
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HIDDEN=""
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[ $EXCLUDE_HIDDEN -eq 1 ] && HIDDEN='*/\.*'
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find $FIND_L $FIND_DOT "$@" $FIND_FOLLOW \
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-type f ! -path "$CHECKFILE" ! -path "$HIDDEN" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0001')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0002')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0003')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0004')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0005')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0006')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0007')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0010')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0011')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0012')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0013')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0014')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0015')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0016')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0017')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0020')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0021')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0022')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0023')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0024')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0025')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0026')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0027')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0030')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0031')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0032')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0033')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0034')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0035')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0036')" \
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! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0037')" ! -name "$(printf '*%b*' '\0177')"
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}
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find_updated_files() {
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if [ $FORCE_UPDATE -eq 1 ]; then
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find_safe "$@"
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else
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find_safe "$@" -newer "$CHECKFILE"
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fi
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}
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# This function could be replaced entirely with the much simpler:
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# cut -d ' ' -f 3- "$CHECKFILE" | grep -Fxn -- "$file" | cut -d ':' -f 1
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# But this function is slightly faster as it avoids passing huge chunks of text
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# (ie, the whole checksum file minus the first column) through a pipe.
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get_line_number() {
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# Avoid `grep -E` as filename characters might get interpreted (eg, $).
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for l in $(grep -Fn -- "$file" "$CHECKFILE" | cut -d ':' -f 1); do
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if sed -n -e "${l}p" -- "$CHECKFILE" \
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| cut -d ' ' -f 3- | grep -Fxq -- "$file" >/dev/null; then
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printf '%d' "$l"
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return 0
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fi
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done
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printf '%d' "0"
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}
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umask 077
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# For files with a modification date newer than the checksum file, if there's
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# an existing checksum then update it. Otherwise append a new checksum.
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if [ $UPDATE_MODE -eq 1 ] && [ -f "$CHECKFILE" ]; then
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for file in $(find_updated_files "$@"); do
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line_num="$(get_line_number)"
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if [ ${line_num:-0} -eq 0 ]; then
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# No checksum yet, so append one.
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$COMMAND -- "$file" >> "$CHECKFILE"
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else
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old="$(sed -n -e "${line_num}p" -- "$CHECKFILE" | cut -d ' ' -f 1)"
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new="$($COMMAND -- "$file")"
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# Should never happen, but double check these aren't empty:
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if [ -z ${old:+x} ] || [ -z ${new:+x} ]; then
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continue
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fi
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# `sed -i` isn't POSIX (nor is `mktemp`), so use `ex` instead.
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if [ "$old" != "${new%% *}" ]; then
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cat << EOF | ex -s -- "$CHECKFILE"
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${line_num}c
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$new
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.
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x
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EOF
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# Bail immediately if something went wrong.
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[ $? -ne 0 ] && fail "Failed to update checksum file."
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# Print what checksums were changed.
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if [ $VERBOSE -eq 1 ]; then
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printf '%s' "CHANGED: "
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printf_sanitized "$file"
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fi
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fi
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fi
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done
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fi
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# Append checksums for files that have no checksum yet.
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if [ $APPEND_MODE -eq 1 ] || [ $UPDATE_MODE -eq 1 ]; then
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for file in $(find_safe "$@"); do
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# Avoid `grep -E` as filename characters might get interpreted (eg, $).
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# The first grep isn't strictly needed, but grep+cut+grep is faster
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# than just cut+grep here.
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if [ ! -f "$CHECKFILE" ] || ! grep -- "$file" "$CHECKFILE" \
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| cut -d ' ' -f 3- | grep -Fxq -- "$file"; then
|
||
|
|
if ! $COMMAND -- "$file" >> "$CHECKFILE"; then
|
||
|
|
fail "Failed to write to checksum file."
|
||
|
|
fi
|
||
|
|
|
||
|
|
# Print what checksums were appended.
|
||
|
|
if [ $VERBOSE -eq 1 ]; then
|
||
|
|
printf '%s' "ADDED: "
|
||
|
|
printf_sanitized "$file"
|
||
|
|
fi
|
||
|
|
fi
|
||
|
|
done
|
||
|
|
fi
|