102 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
102 lines
1.9 KiB
Markdown
# Syntax
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Ginger is a lisp language, so knowing the syntax is as simple as knowing the data structures.
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## Strings
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Strings are declared two different ways. The standard way, with double quotes:
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```
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"this is a string\n <- that was a newline, \t \r \0 \" \\ also work
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literal whitespace characters are properly parsed as well
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\s is a space"
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```
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The second way only works if your string contains exclusively the following characters:
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`a-z A-Z 0-9 _ - ! ?` (spaces added for readability)
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```
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neat
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this_works
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so-does-this!
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what-about-this?_YUP!
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```
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## Integers
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Integers are defined the standard way, a bunch of numbers with an optional negative. The only
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interesting thing is that commas inside the number are ignored, so you can make your literals pretty:
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```
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0
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1
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-2
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4,000,000
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```
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## Floats
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Pretty much the same as integers, but with a period thrown in there. If there isn't a period, it's not
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a float:
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```
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0.0
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-1.5
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-1,003.004,333,203
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```
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## Bytes
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Singular unsigned bytes, are also supported. There are two ways to declare them. With a trailing `b`:
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```
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0b
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10b
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255b
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```
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and with a `'` followed by a character (or escaped character):
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```
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'c
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'h
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'\n
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'\\
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''
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```
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## Vectors
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A vector is a sequence of elements wrapped in `[ ... ]` (no commas):
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```
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[ a b 0 1 2
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[embedded also works]
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]
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```
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## Lists
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A list is a sequence of elements wrapped in `( ... )` (no commas):
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```
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( a b 0 1 2
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[embedded also works]
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(and mixed types)
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)
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```
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## Maps
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A map is a sequence of elements wrapped in `{ ... }`. There must be an even number of elements, and
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there is no delimeter between the keys and values. Keys can be any non-sequence variable, values can
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be anything at all:
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```
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{ a 1
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b 2
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c [1 2 3]
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d (four five six)
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e { 7 seven } }
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```
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## Comments
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A semicolon delimits the beginning of a comment. Anything after the semicolon till the end of the line
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is discarded by the parser:
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```
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;I'm a comment
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"I'm a string" ;I'm another comment!
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```
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